Exploring Natural Allelic Variations of the β-Triketone Herbicide Resistance Gene HIS1 for Application in indica Rice and Particularly in Two-Line Hybrid Rice

Abstract Background Benzobicyclon (BBC) is a β-triketone herbicide (bTH) used in rice paddy fields. It has the advantages of high efficiency, low toxicity, crop safety, and good environmental compatibility, shows efficacy against weeds resistant to other types herbicides. However, as some important indica varieties are susceptible BBC, BBC currently only registered applied japonica cultivation areas. Results By analyzing haplotypes bTHs broad-spectrum resistance gene HIS1 phenotypes for 493 major accessions China, we identified novel non-functional allelic variant addition previously reported 28-bp deletion. Through detection with markers specific two mutations, it was clear that 25.4% conventional varieties, 59.9% fertility restorers, 15.9% sterile lines were BBC. In addition, due natural variations restorer lines, two-line hybrid sensitive bTHs, corresponding restorers resistant. We showed potential effectiveness using address issue seed purity stemming from self-crossing during production. Finally, may also play an role mechanized production rice. Conclusions Our findings offer guidance application areas provide non-transgenic approach